Prof. lamiaa Elrefaei :: Publications:

The issue of protecting scientific and intellectual products and publications ownership constitutes an important deal within the domain of securing and protecting information. Digital watermarking is used to identify the ownership of the copyright and in authentication process. In this paper, an invisible blind watermarking method utilizing the word space in Arabic text is proposed. Since the pseudo-space is very small space used to separate two parts of the same word, it is inserted before normal space and after pointed letter to hold the binary bit 'one', and it is inserted before normal space and after un-pointed letter to hold binary bit 'zero'. The comparative results obtained by testing our proposed method with some of existing Arabic watermarking methods using four variable size text samples. The results show that our method has a higher capacity ratio and imperceptibility than other watermarking techniques