Aflatoxins represent a major global public health concern, contaminating 25% of food crops worldwide. Human exposure to these toxins either occurs directly through the consumption of contaminated foods or indirectly via animal products derived from livestock that have ingested aflatoxin-contaminated feed. This study aimed to evaluate the protective efficacy of probiotic baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) as a natural and eco-friendly agent against aflatoxicosis in female albino mice under in vivo conditions. Five experimental groups were used, each receiving either of two aflatoxin concentrations (0.81 ng/ml from Aspergillus flavus isolate Z/N/22 and 0.66 ng/ml from A. parasiticus isolate A/N/94). The results showed that Mice exposed to aflatoxins alone exhibited signs of toxicity, including reduced weight gain, increased liver and kidney weights, elevated biochemical markers (ALT, AST, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine, and urea), and histopathological alterations. In contrast, co-treatment with S. cerevisiae significantly mitigated these effects, with improved biochemical profiles and preserved tissue morphology comparable to the control group. These results concluded that Probiotic yeast demonstrates significant potential as a natural, non-toxic, and environmentally sustainable approach for mitigating the toxic effects of aflatoxins. Its application represents a promising strategy for improving food and feed safety. Regular consumption of probiotic-rich fermented foods (e.g., yogurt or cultured dairy beverages) or the use of probiotic supplements in capsule or powder form may offer effective and practical means of reducing aflatoxin exposure. Further research and integration into public health and agricultural practices is recommended to support its broader implementation.
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