Tissue engineering with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hasemerged as a promising frontier in veterinary orthopaedics, offering innovative solutions for musculoskeletal disorders in companion animals.MSCs, known for their multipotency and immunomodulatory potential thatplay a crucial role in promoting tissue repair and regeneration. Thepersonalized nature of MSC therapy, its minimally invasive deliverymethods, and its integration with traditional treatments highlight itsversatility in addressing a spectrum of orthopaedic conditions. MSCs playa pivotal role in promoting tissue repair and regeneration in bone, cartilage,and tendon/ligament. Their immunomodulatory properties are crucial inreducing inflammation and creating a conducive environment for healing.This comprehensive review delves into the multifaceted landscape ofMSC-based tissue engineering, exploring opportunities and confrontingchallenges in the realm of veterinary orthopaedics. The paper provides athorough examination of recent advancements in MSC research, focusingon their potential applications in regenerative therapies for bone andcartilage disorders. By scrutinizing the current state of the field, we aim toshed light on the pivotal role MSCs play in tissue engineering strategiesfor veterinary orthopaedics, addressing key opportunities for translationalsuccess and confronting the inherent challenges that need to be overcome.The promising outcomes observed in preclinical studies set the stage forrigorous clinical trials, ensuring a comprehensive evaluation of the safetyand efficacy of MSC-based interventions. This emphasis on clinicalvalidation underscores the commitment to translating the potential ofMSC-based tissue engineering into tangible benefits for veterinarypatients. As the field progresses, the collaborative efforts of researchers,clinicians, and veterinarians are essential for navigating the complexitiesof MSC-based interventions, offering a beacon of hope for theadvancement of veterinary orthopaedic care
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