Pollution of water resources is one of the most important global environmental and economical concern. In developing countries, the lack of waste management, both industrial and domestic, is the cause of water quality deterioration. The present work is concerning the evaluation of different water resources in Egypt, in addition, evaluation of pollution risk factor by measuring the multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index of the bacterial community of each water resource. Water samples have been collected from seven different water resources; shallow groundwater at different rural areas, River Nile water at some different sites, agricultural drainage water (El-Husseiniya drain), sewage contaminated water (Bahr El-Baqr drain), industrial wastewater (Al-khadrawiya drain), fresh water Lake (Nasser Lake) and brackish water Lake (Qaroun Lake). The chemical and microbiological features of all water types have been evaluated, the microbial community of each water resource have been identified by means of biochemical reactions and 16S rDNA sequencing. The integrated MAR index of each bacterial community has been calculated by sensitivity test, using ten commercially available antibiotics. Water quality assessment indicated the acceptable quality of groundwater (at few tested sites), Nile River water (at most of tested sites), El-Husseiniya drain water and Nasser Lake. In contrary, Bahr El-Baqr drain showed high loads of organic contaminants and pathogenic bacteria, Al-khadrawiya drain showed contamination with some heavy metals (Al, Fe, Pb and Zn), and Qaroun Lake showed contamination with sulfate, iron and some pathogenic bacteria …
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