Under greenhouse and field conditions, used of two bio control agents i.e., (Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus subtilis ) as two forms seed “corms” dressing and granules and two agricultural chemical i.e., (lime and sulfur) as powder and soaked; as well as Vitavax Captan and or/ Rizolex T50 in controlling Fusarium disease (Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. gladioli) on gladiolus var. Peter pears plants as well as % survival plants and growth characters. Results indicated that, most tested treatments decreased in % corms diseased and increase for % survival plants as well as improved growth and corms formation characters for gladiolus plants. Most of these treatments showed significant positive variation when compared with control treatments, for exception lime (Ca(OH)2) treatment under greenhouse conditions.
Under field conditions, during 1998 and 1999 seasons, all treatments gave good results for controlling Fusarium disease and increase of % survival plants, for exception lime soaked treatment during 1999 season. Bacillus and Trichoderma when used as granules showed highly in % of survival plants hence, 91.4, 83.3 in 1998 season, while, vitavax captan was the most effect for % survival plant by gave 97.2% in 1999 season. On the other hand, the bio agents Bacillus and Trichoderma were more effects for decreased in corms diseased by only (12.5 and 15%) and (5 & 2.5%) when compared with the fungicide (25 and 20%) diseased corms during 1998 and 1999 seasons, respectively. Also these treatments was improved of some vegetative growth measurements for included (length of plant, No. of leaves/plant, length and width of leaf and fresh and dry weight/plant). These treatments decreased in days for corms germination. The obtained results shown highly significant differences in all vegetative growth when compared between control treatment and other treatments, although no significance difference between these treatments. Vitavax captan and lime treatments were the more effective for increased in vegetative growth than other bio control and agricultural chemicals.
Vitavax captan and lime (powder or soaked), and Trichoderma as granules showed the heights significant in No. of corms/ plot, fresh and dry weight of corms/plant, No. of cormeles/plant and fresh and dry weight/cormeles, during 1998 season. In, 1999 season, these treatments were increased only in cases No. of corms/ plot, diameter of corms/plant and fresh and dry weight of corms/plant. Vitavax captan, Trichoderma and Bacillus as granules showed the heights increase in flowering characters No. of days to the first flower opening, No. of spike/plot, diameter spike/plant, length of spike/plant, length of parts flowering spike/plant, fresh and dry weight of spike/plant, diameter of florests full opening, fresh and dry weight of florests/spike during 1998 and 1999 seasons.
Leaves of gladiolus plants which treated by Vitavax captan , lime and Trichoderma showed highly increasing for phenols compound (free and conjugate) and the lowest carbohydrate counts (reducing and non-reducing) during the two seasons under study. The same trend of these results when noticed in the produced healthy and diseased corms of gladiolus. Also, increasing in photosynthetic pigments i.e., chlorophyll a, b, and a+b as well as carotenoids in all treatments when compared with the control. Finally, Vitavax captan and lime as powder and Trichoderma were the most effective for longest times “in days” till corms sprouting which associated with corms produced from field.
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