Sheep coccidiosis is an infection of economic and medical importance and have been observed in almost all alive sheep rearing in the world. Examination of 928 sheep fecal samples from different localities in Kaloubia Governorate for detection of Eimeria infection revealed a prevalence rate of 72.5% (n= 673/928). The identified Eimeria species oocysts were Eimeria crandalis (78.3%), E. granulosa (63%), E. ovinoidalis (41%), E. parva (31.5%), E. pallida (22.1%), E. intricata (6.8%), E. faurei (6.2%) and E. ahasta (4.9%). The prevalence rate was high in females (76.3%) as compared to males (68.3%). The incidence of infection peaked in winter (83.1%) followed by spring (80.8%), while the lowest rate was in summer (61.0%). High prevalence rate was recorded in ages > 6 months (90.8%), followed by 6-12months (73.6%), while the lowest rate was in sheep over 1 year of age (55.6%). Single infection was recorded in 26.6% of infected sheep. Double infection rate was in 29.7% while mixed infection rate was in 43.7%.With regard to breeds, Rahmany and Osemy breed showed the highest infection rate (80.9% and 73.9%; respectively). On the other hand, Baladi breed showed the lowest infection rate (58.3%). Immunized dam with UV attenuated Eimeria oocysts and their progeny showed a significant increases in both IgG and IgM as compared to non immunized control group. Biochemical analysis Immunized dams and their progeny showed high level of albumin, Beta and Gamma concentration levels as compared to control dams and their progeny. Conclusion, it could be concluded that Egyptian sheep was infected by 8 species of Eimeria with predominant of Eimeria crandalis and Eimeria granulosa. New born lambs from immunized ewes have high serum immunoglobulin especially IgG compared to those from non immunized ewes. Recommendation, Immunization of pregnant ewes by two doses UV irradiated Eimeria oocysts one month before parturition to give protection to their progeny. |
