Propolis was collected from Apis mellifera L. (Yemeni bee) colonies at the Instructional Farm of Faculty of Agriculture, Sana’a University, Yemen. A propolis-ethanol extract (PEE) was prepared. Antifungal and antibacterial activities of PEE were assayed on eight species of phytopathogenic fungi and five isolates of bacteria. The average of growth diameter of any of the tested fungi was decreased by increasing of the crude propolis ethanol extract (PEE) in media. Growth of Fusarium oxysporum was the most affected followed by Cladosporium herbarum and Pestalotopsis sp. While, Pythium spp. was less affected followed by Colletotrichum graminicolum.
PEE was very effective on inhibition zone diameter of all tested strains of bacteria. The inhibition zone increased by increasing of propolis concentrations. Among the most sensitive strains of bacteria were Bacillus licheniformis, B. cereus, B. subtilis, Streptomyces sp. and E. coli.
Concerning the effect of PEE, carbendazim, plantvax and streptomycin on sorghum grain borne fungi and bacteria of the stored sorghum grain, carbendazim was the most effective followed by propolis (PEE). |
