Astudy On The Possibl Immunologiccal Aspects Of Preeclampsia :

Ahmed Said Ahmed Osman

The aetiology of preeclampsia is so far unknown nevertheless both clinical and experimental findings suggestthe possibility of immunogenetic factor Bolis at al. (1987).The aim of this work is to evaluate some immunologicalparameters associated with pre-eclampsia compared to normalpregnant and normal non pregnant women.Thirty four pre-eclamptic females were included in thisstudy, they were compared to forteen normal pregnant females,also compared tOeten non pregnant females.The following investigation were done for the three groups- Studying the humoral mechanism through measurements of :* Immunoglobuliqs (IgG, IgM, IgA and IgE)* Complement C3 and C4* Circulating immune complexes.-Studying the cellular immune response through :* Numerical evaluation of T-lymPhocytes by E-rosettes.* Studying their function through.Blast transformation.MIF test.The results obtained showed the fOllowing :- Significant decrease in IgG in pre-eclamptics compared toboth normal pregnant and non pregnant.- No significant difference in IgM, IgA, complement C3 and C4and circulating immune complex between the tested groups.- Significant increase in IgE in pre-eclamptics compared toboth normal pregnant and non pregnant groups.- As regards the total nUmber of T-Iymphocytes as measured byE-rosette methods.Significant decrease in pre-eclampsia compared to normalpregnant.- Highly significant decrease compared to non pregnant.As regards the blast transformation of T-IymPhocytes :Significant decrease between pre-eclampsia and normalpregnant.Highly significant decrease between pre-eclampsia andnormal non pregnant women.As regards the percentage of inhibition of migration there was :Significant decrease between pre-eclampsia and bothpregnant and non pregnant groups.- In conclusion, there was hyporesponsiveness of the immunesystem in pre-eclampsia but it is not known whether theseresult is due to pre-eclampsia itself or associatedphenomena with the disease, longtudinal stUdies forpatients during pregnancy and post partum period forinvestigating both humoral and cellUlar immunity Would be advised