The objectives of this study was to determine the prevalence, habitat and control of parasitic larvae of Rhinoestrous purpureus in donkeys. Forty donkeys were necropsied to search larvae in their nasal cavities. The results indicated that 26 out of 40 examined donkeys were infected by R. purpureus larvae and the percentage of infection was 65%. Female donkeys showed higher infection rate (77.78%) compared to (54.55%) in males. 263 R. purpureus larvae were collected from all investigated donkeys; 143 from females and 120 from males. The mean burden was 10 in male and 10.2 in females. L3 were more common than L2 (149 L3 compared to 114 L2 ). Most of L2 larvae (86.84%) attack labrynith of ethmoidal bones., moderate number infect sphenopalatine communications and only 2.63% were collected from pharyngeal cavity. On the other hand 53.69 % of L3 was collected from labrynith of ethmoid bones and other half was collected from sphenopalatine communication (23.49%), pharyngeal cavity (13.42%) and common nasal meatus (9.39%). An increase in serum globulin level (6.30 mg/dl) in R. purpures infected animals compared to (4.8 mg/dl) in control was recorded. Gamma globulins in infected animals was (2.97 mg/dl) while it was in (2.53mg/dl) in control. IgM was higher in infected animals (59.20 μg/dl) compared to (23.90 μg/dl) in control. Also IgA showed an increase in its value in infected animals compared to control (191.75,87.11 μg/dl). Concerning control of R. purpureus larvae, the results indicated that both doramectin and ivermectin had a larvicidal effect against R. purpureus larvae with superiority of doramectin as it caused 100% larval mortalities in vitro within 8 hrs. It was concluded that, R. purpureus larvae affect high number of donkeys specially females and the doramectin was selected to be the drug of choice for control in donkeys. |
